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Chapter 18 · Verse 31
🪈 Krishna speaks
Illustration for Chapter 18, Verse 31

यया धर्ममधर्मं च कार्यं चाकार्यमेव च। अयथावत्प्रजानाति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ राजसी॥

yayā dharmamadharmaṁ ca kāryaṁ cākāryameva ca | ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī ||

Word by Word 13 words
यया
which

by which (mind)

धर्मम्
dhṛ to hold, to uphold

dharma — what is right, the way one should live

अधर्मम्
a not dhṛ to hold, to uphold

adharma — what is wrong, against the right way

ca and

and

कार्यम्
kṛ to do

what should be done

अकार्यम्
a not kṛ to do

what should not be done

एव
eva indeed, just

indeed, just so

अयथावत्
a not yathāvat as it really is, correctly

not as it truly is, wrongly, mistakenly

प्रजानाति
pra forth jñā to know

understands, makes out

बुद्धिः
budh to wake, to understand

the buddhi, the deciding mind

सा
that, she

that one

पार्थ
pṛthā Pṛthā, Arjuna's mother Kuntī

O son of Pṛthā — a name for Arjuna

राजसी
rajas restlessness, passion, dust

rājasic — restless and muddled by wanting

describes the second kind of deciding mind. "The that gets right and wrong mixed up, that cannot clearly tell what should be done from what should not — that confused mind, O , is rājasic." It is not completely blind, but its wanting and its hurry blur its sight. It half-sees the truth and then bends it to fit what it already craves, so it keeps calling the wrong thing right.

कथा

The King Who Bent the Truth

From the mythological

Long ago there ruled a king named Vena, the son of a good and gentle father. Vena was clever and quick, and in his early years the people had high hopes for him. He could argue any case, weigh any quarrel, and his judgements came fast.

But a hunger grew in Vena — a hunger for praise, for gold, for being first in everything. And slowly that hunger began to bend his thinking the way heat bends a blade.

A farmer came to court one morning. "Your Majesty, my neighbour moved the boundary stone in the night and stole a strip of my field."

The neighbour was rich and gave fine gifts to the king. So Vena rubbed his chin and said, "The stone has been moved, yes, but perhaps it was always in the wrong place. Perhaps your neighbour has merely set it right." And he gave the strip of land to the rich man.

The sages of the realm came and stood before him, their faces grave. "King Vena," said the eldest, "you are calling theft a correction. You are dressing adharma in the clothes of ."

Vena laughed. "Who decides what is right? I am the king. What helps me must be right, and what crosses me must be wrong." He truly believed it. That was the strange and sorrowful thing — he was not stupid. His mind worked swiftly. But every time it neared the truth, his craving turned it aside, like a river bending around a great rock.

"This is the danger," the eldest sage told the younger ones afterward, as they walked away from the throne. "A dull mind cannot see. But a restless, hungry mind sees, and then twists what it sees to feed its wanting. It knows just enough to make a good excuse. Watch your own minds, my sons. When you feel yourself eager to call a thing right only because you want it, stop. That is , dressing wrong as right."

Vena's reign ended in ruin, as all such reigns do. But the sages remembered his lesson long after: the most dangerous mistakes are not made in the dark. They are made by a clever mind that has talked itself into the wrong answer.

चिन्तनम्

Have you ever told yourself something was okay to do just because you really wanted to do it? How can you tell when you are seeing clearly versus bending the truth to fit your wishes?