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Chapter 16 · Verse 17
🪈 Krishna speaks
Illustration for Chapter 16, Verse 17

आत्मसम्भाविताः स्तब्धा धनमानमदान्विताः। यजन्ते नामयज्ञैस्ते दम्भेनाविधिपूर्वकम्॥

ātmasambhāvitāḥ stabdhā dhanamānamadānvitāḥ | yajante nāmayajñaiste dambhenāvidhipūrvakam ||

Word by Word 8 words
आत्मसम्भाविताः
ātman self sam fully bhū to esteem, to honour

full of self-importance, thinking very highly of themselves

स्तब्धाः
stambh to be stiff, rigid

stiff-necked, stubborn, unbending

धनमानमदान्विताः
dhana wealth māna pride, conceit mad to be intoxicated anu along with i to go, to be joined

filled with the pride of wealth and drunk on conceit

यजन्ते
yaj to sacrifice, to worship

they perform worship, they sacrifice

नामयज्ञैः
nāman name yaj to sacrifice

with sacrifices in name only, worship that is only for show

ते
tad they, those

they, those people

दम्भेन
dambh to deceive, to show off

with hypocrisy, for display

अविधिपूर्वकम्
a not vi apart dhā to place, to ordain pūrvaka preceded by, in keeping with

not according to the proper rule, against the right way

describes how such proud people even treat sacred things. Stuffed with self-importance, stiff and stubborn, dizzy with the pride of being rich, they do perform ceremonies and worship — but only for show. The prayers are "in name only," done to be seen and admired, not done with care or in the right spirit. Krishna is teaching that *how* and *why* we do a good thing matters as much as doing it: a gift or a prayer offered only to impress others has lost its heart.

कथा

The Sacrifice for Show

From the Puranic tradition

There was once a wealthy lord named Garvaka — and *garva* means pride — who decided to hold the grandest sacrifice the land had ever seen.

He did not do it to thank the heavens or to share with his people. He did it so that everyone for a hundred miles would say, "Have you heard? No one is as great, as rich, as generous as Garvaka!"

He hired the most famous priests, not for their wisdom but for their fame. He piled up gold and silk in great heaps where the crowds could gawk at them. He stood at the centre of it all with his chin high and his back stiff, accepting bows.

But Garvaka could not be bothered with the careful old rules of the rite. A humble priest stepped forward and said gently, "My lord, the offerings must be prepared just so, and the words spoken in their proper order, with a calm and grateful heart — otherwise it is only a show, not a sacrifice."

Garvaka waved him away. "Who are you to instruct me? I am the richest man here. The rules can bend for me." And so the great fire was lit in a hurry, the sacred words mumbled out of order, the whole thing arranged to dazzle the eye rather than to honour anything at all.

The crowds did gasp at the gold. They did praise his name as he hoped. But that evening, when the fires died and the visitors went home, Garvaka stood alone in the smoke and felt strangely empty, as hollow as a drum, all loud surface and nothing within.

Nearby, in a tiny shrine, an old woman lit a single clay lamp, folded her hands, and offered one flower with her whole quiet heart. Her ceremony cost almost nothing, and no crowd ever saw it. Yet she walked home full and warm.

This is what means, . Worship done only to show off, in name alone and against the proper way, fills no one, not even the one who performs it. It is the heart behind the offering, never the size of it, that makes a thing sacred.

चिन्तनम्

Have you ever done something good mainly so people would notice? How might it feel different to do that same good thing quietly, just because it is right?