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Chapter 17 · Verse 21
🪈 Krishna speaks
Illustration for Chapter 17, Verse 21

यत्तु प्रत्युपकारार्थं फलमुद्दिश्य वा पुनः। दीयते च परिक्लिष्टं तद्दानं राजसं स्मृतम्॥

yattu pratyupakārārthaṁ phalamuddiśya vā punaḥ | dīyate ca parikliṣṭaṁ taddānaṁ rājasaṁ smṛtam ||

Word by Word 14 words
यत्
yad which, that which

which, that which

तु
tu but, however

but, on the other hand

प्रत्युपकारार्थम्
prati back, in return upa towards kṛ to do, to help artha purpose, for the sake of

for the sake of getting a favour back in return

फलम्
phal to bear fruit a noun

fruit, reward, result

उद्दिश्य
ut up, out diś to point at, to aim ya gerund, having

aiming at, with an eye on

वा
or

or

पुनः
punar again

again, moreover

दीयते
to give yate passive, is given

is given

ca and

and

परिक्लिष्टम्
pari all around, completely kliś to be pained, to be troubled ta past participle

grudgingly, with reluctance and inner pain

तत्
tad that

that

दानम्
to give ana the act of

the gift, the act of giving

राजसम्
rajas passion, restless energy a made of, belonging to

rajasic, born of restless wanting

स्मृतम्
smṛ to remember, to declare ta past participle

is remembered as, is held to be

says: "But sometimes a gift is given hoping to get a favour back, or with one eye on a reward, or given grudgingly, as if it hurts a little to let it go. That kind of giving is the restless, middle kind. It is still giving, but the heart behind it is busy wanting something for itself."

कथा

The Merchant's Reluctant Gift

From the panchatantra

In a busy trading town lived a rich merchant named Dhanapal, whose storerooms overflowed with grain, cloth, and gold. He was known across the bazaar for his wealth — and, quietly, for how tightly he held it.

One festival day, a respected teacher came to the town to build a school for poor children. He went from house to house asking for help. Word spread fast, and soon everyone was watching to see how much each big family would give.

When the teacher reached Dhanapal's grand doorway, a small crowd had already gathered. Dhanapal felt their eyes on him. He could not say no — not in front of all these people, not with the other merchants watching to compare. So he called for a bag of coins.

But as the servant brought it, Dhanapal's fingers tightened. He counted the coins twice. He pulled a few back out. He sighed loudly, the way a person sighs when something is being pulled from them against their will.

"Here," he said at last, pressing the bag into the teacher's hands. Then, leaning close, he added in a low voice, "Remember this when my caravans pass through your district. A good word from a man like you opens many gates. We help each other, yes?"

The teacher looked at the heavy bag and then at the merchant's face. The gift was real. The school would be built a little sooner because of it. But the teacher had seen pure giving before, and he knew this was not it. This gift came wrapped in three strings: it was given for show, given hoping for a favour in return, and given with a wince, as if each coin were a tooth being pulled.

"Thank you," the teacher said kindly. "Your coins will help the children."

As he walked away, a young student asked him, "Was that not a generous gift, guruji? So much gold!"

"It was a real gift," the teacher said, "and it will do real good. But notice how it was given — for praise, for a return favour, and grudgingly. Such giving is restless. It keeps one hand reaching out even while the other hand gives. The purest giving lets go completely, and asks for nothing back."

चिन्तनम्

Have you ever given something while secretly hoping to get a favour back, or felt a little reluctant as you handed it over? What might it take to give with a fully open hand?